The Nasadiya Suktam (Rigveda 10.129) is one of the most profound hymns of the Rigveda, contemplating the mystery of creation. It is attributed to the seer Prajapati Parameshthin. The hymn consists of seven verses that question the origins of the universe, expressing agnostic wonder about what existed before creation. It begins with the famous line 'nāsadāsīn no sadāsīt tadānīm' (there was neither non-existence nor existence then), describing a state of primal darkness and void.
The hymn explores the emergence of desire (kama) as the first seed of mind, linking creation to a cosmic impulse. According to the Shatapatha Brahmana (11.1.6.1), this hymn is used in rituals to attain spiritual insight. The beej-akshara 'Om' is implicitly present as the primordial sound, though not explicitly in the text. The hymn is chanted for philosophical wisdom and to transcend duality.
Traditionally, it is recited during sandhya (twilight) or in spiritual retreats, with a count of 108 repetitions for deep contemplation. No specific cautions are noted, but it is recommended for those seeking intellectual and spiritual understanding. The hymn's association with the 'Unknown' deity (That One, Tad Ekam) reflects the Vedic tradition's openness to cosmic mystery. The Mantra-Yoga-Samhita cites this hymn as a means to realize the unity of existence.
The Devi Mahatmya also echoes its themes in the context of the goddess as the primordial power. The Nasadiya Suktam remains a cornerstone of Vedic philosophy, inspiring seekers to ponder the ultimate reality.
There was neither non-existence nor existence then; there was neither the realm of space nor the sky which is beyond. What stirred? Where? In whose protection? Was there water, deep and unfathomable?