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Mahavidya · First Mahavidya / Goddess of Time and Destruction

Kali

काली
Also known as: Kālī, Dakṣiṇakālī, Mahākālī, Bhadrakālī, Śyāmā

About

First of the ten Mahavidyas. The fierce goddess of time, death, and transformation. Emerged from Durga's forehead to slay demons Chanda, Munda, and Raktabija. Represents the destructive aspect of time that consumes all, and the ultimate liberation beyond fear of death.

Attributes

TimeDeathDestructionLiberationFierce compassion

Symbols

Dark complexionSevered head garlandSkirt of severed armsSwordTrishulaKhapala (skull bowl)Tongue out
Consort
Shiva (as corpse beneath her feet)

Associated Mantras

Om Krim Kālikāyai Namaḥ
Kālī Kavacham
Dakṣiṇakālī Stotram
Mahākālī Mantra

Festivals

Kali PujaDiwali (in Bengal)Navaratri

Scriptures

Kālī PurāṇaDevī MāhātmyaMārkaṇḍeya PurāṇaTantras

Regions Worshipped

West BengalAssamOdishaPan-India (tantric traditions)

Iconography

Dark blue or black complexion, standing on a corpse of Shiva. Four arms: upper left holds khapala (skull bowl), lower left holds severed head; upper right holds sword, lower right in abhaya mudra. Garland of severed heads, skirt of severed arms. Wild hair, three eyes, protruding tongue. Often depicted with fierce smile.