The Tattva Dhyana Mantra is a contemplative formula used for meditation on the tattvas, the principles of reality as enumerated in Shaiva and Shakta traditions. The term 'tattva' means 'thatness' or the essential nature of reality. In the Shaiva Agamas, particularly the Malinivijayottara Tantra and the Svacchanda Tantra, a system of 36 tattvas is described, mapping the entire spectrum of manifestation from the pure consciousness of Shiva (Shiva-tattva) down to the gross element of earth (prithvi-tattva). This mantra is chanted to facilitate the yogi's journey through these principles, both in the order of evolution (srishti-krama) and involution (samhara-krama), leading to the realization of the supreme consciousness.
The beej-akshara (seed syllable) often associated with this meditation is 'Om', representing the primordial sound from which all tattvas emerge. According to the Shaiva Agamas, the mantra may also incorporate the bija 'Hrim' or 'Sauh', depending on the specific tradition. The phonetics of these syllables are believed to resonate with the subtle energies of the tattvas, aiding in their direct perception. The traditional purpose of this mantra is to attain tattva-jnana (knowledge of the principles) and ultimately kaivalya (liberation).
It is recommended to be chanted during the brahma-muhurta (early morning) or at dusk, with a count of 108 repetitions using a rudraksha mala. The ritual setting should be a clean, quiet space, with the practitioner seated in a meditative posture, focusing on the gradual ascent through the tattvas. Cautions include the necessity of proper initiation (diksha) from a qualified guru, as the meditation on tattvas can be spiritually intense and may lead to confusion if practiced without guidance. The mantra is also found in the Kashmir Shaivism texts, such as the Tantraloka of Abhinavagupta, where it is used in the context of pratyabhijna (recognition) meditation.
The Tattva Dhyana Mantra thus serves as a profound tool for philosophical contemplation and direct experiential realization of the non-dual nature of reality.
Salutations to the principle of reality.
The mantra begins with the seed-syllable 'Oṁ', which represents the primordial sound from which all tattvas emerge. In some traditions, additional bijas like 'Hrīm' or 'Sauḥ' may be incorporated, but the core is Oṁ.